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@ -31,14 +31,14 @@ Some definitions of care and social reproduction:**
- Yeates, Nicola. 2004. “Global Care Chains. Critical Reflections and Lines of Enquiry” International Feminist Journal of Politics, 6 (3): 36991:
> a range of activities and relationships that promote the physical and emotional well-being of people “who cannot or who are not inclined to perform these activities themselves
- Camille Barbagallo, The Impossibility of the International Womens Strike is Exactly Why Its So Necessary, Novara Media, 6th March 2017. https://novaramedia.com/2017/03/06/the-impossibility-of-the-international-womens-strike-is-exactly-why-its-so-necessary/:
- Camille Barbagallo, [The Impossibility of the International Womens Strike is Exactly Why Its So Necessary]( https://novaramedia.com/2017/03/06/the-impossibility-of-the-international-womens-strike-is-exactly-why-its-so-necessary/), Novara Media, 6th March 2017.:
> All the work we (mostly women) do that makes and remakes people on a daily basis and intergenerationally.
- David Graeber (twitter):
> Caring labour is aimed at maintaining or augmenting another persons freedom.
- Nacy Fraser. "Contradictions of capital and care." New left review 100.99 (2016): 117:
https://newleftreview.org/issues/II100/articles/nancy-fraser-contradictions-of-capital-and-care
- Nacy Fraser. ["Contradictions of capital and care."](https://newleftreview.org/issues/II100/articles/nancy-fraser-contradictions-of-capital-and-care) New Left Review 100.99 (2016): 117:
> interactions that produce and maintain social bonds.
@ -91,14 +91,14 @@ Different ways of thinking about care:
“The moral theory known as “ the ethics of care” implies that there is moral significance in the fundamental elements of relationships and dependencies in human life. Normatively, care ethics seeks to maintain relationships by contextualizing and promoting the well-being of care-givers and care-receivers in a network of social relations. Most often defined as a practice or virtue rather than a theory as such, “care” involves maintaining the world of, and meeting the needs of, ourself and others.”
- Care Ethics. Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, https://www.iep.utm.edu/care-eth/#H2
- [Care Ethics.](https://www.iep.utm.edu/care-eth/#H2) Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
## Some key readings
- Carol Gilligan, In a Different Voice: Psychological Theory and Women's Development, Cambridge, Mass. Harvard University Press, 1993.
- Nel Noddings, Caring: A Relational Approach to Ethics & Moral Education, University of California Press, 2013 [1984]. https://library.memoryoftheworld.org/#/book/8acc45a2-ea36-4e3f-a86f-e168692166e8
- Nel Noddings, [Caring: A Relational Approach to Ethics & Moral Education](https://library.memoryoftheworld.org/#/book/8acc45a2-ea36-4e3f-a86f-e168692166e8), University of California Press, 2013 [1984].
- Virginia Held, The ethics of care : personal, political, and global. New York ; Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2007.
@ -110,11 +110,11 @@ Different ways of thinking about care:
## Further Resources
- Website of the Foundation Critical Ethics of Care
https://ethicsofcare.org/care-ethics/
- [Website of the Foundation Critical Ethics of Care](https://ethicsofcare.org/care-ethics/)
- [The International Care Ethics Research Consortium (CERC)](https://care857567951.wordpress.com/)
- The International Care Ethics Research Consortium (CERC)
https://care857567951.wordpress.com/
- Herr, Ranjoo Seodu. “Is Confucianism Compatible with care ethics?: A Critique.” Philosophy East and West 53.4: 471-489.
@ -129,44 +129,37 @@ London: Routledge. 2019.
## Introductory reading
- André Spicer, “Self-care: how a radical feminist idea was stripped of politics for the mass market.” The Guardian, 21 August 2019.
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/aug/21/self-care-radical-feminist-idea-mass-market
- André Spicer, [Self-care: how a radical feminist idea was stripped of politics for the mass market.”](https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/aug/21/self-care-radical-feminist-idea-mass-market) The Guardian, 21 August 2019.
## Some key readings
- Lorde,Audre. A Burst of Light: and other essays. Mineola, New York: Ixia Press, an imprint of Dover Publications, 2017.
https://library.memoryoftheworld.org/#/book/4795e144-32a3-4ee4-afd0-500199b1da41
- Lorde,Audre. [A Burst of Light: and other essays.](https://library.memoryoftheworld.org/#/book/4795e144-32a3-4ee4-afd0-500199b1da41) Mineola, New York: Ixia Press, an imprint of Dover Publications, 2017.
Winner of the 1988 Before Columbus Foundation National Book Award, this path-breaking collection of essays is a clarion call to build communities that nurture our spirit. Lorde announces the need for a radical politics of intersectionality while struggling to maintain her own faith as she wages a battle against liver cancer. From reflections on her struggle with the disease to thoughts on lesbian sexuality and African-American identity in a straight white man's world, Lorde's voice remains enduringly relevant in today's political landscape. Those who practice and encourage social justice activism frequently quote her exhortation, "Caring for myself is not self-indulgence, it is self-preservation, and that is an act of political warfare." In addition to the journal entries of "A Burst of Light: Living with Cancer," this edition includes an interview, "Sadomasochism: Not About Condemnation," and three essays, "I Am Your Sister: Black Women Organizing Across Sexualities," "Apartheid U.S.A.," and "Turning the Beat Around: Lesbian Parenting 1986," as well as a new Foreword by Sonia Sanchez.
- Foucault, Michel. The Care of the Self. Volume 3 of the History of Sexuality. New York: Pantheon Books, 1986.
https://feminism.memoryoftheworld.org/Michel%20Foucault/The%20Care%20of%20the%20Self%20(760)/The%20Care%20of%20the%20Self%20-%20Michel%20Foucault.pdf
- Foucault, Michel. [The Care of the Self. Volume 3 of the History of Sexuality.](https://library.memoryoftheworld.org/#/book/e99416e9-9c62-44d7-b5d9-dab8ee67c187) New York: Pantheon Books, 1986.
- Foucault, Michel. [“The Ethics of the Concern of the Self as a Practice of Freedom”](https://library.memoryoftheworld.org/#/book/7f69b216-4ae6-4b2b-aba7-8d31fb477516), in Ethics: Subjectivity and Truth. New York: The New Press, 1997. 281-301.
- Foucault, Michel. “The Ethics of the Concern of the Self as a Practice of Freedom”, in Ethics: Subjectivity and Truth. New York: The New Press, 1997. 281-301.
https://library.memoryoftheworld.org/#/book/7f69b216-4ae6-4b2b-aba7-8d31fb477516
Extract from “The Ethics of the Concern of the Self as a Practice of Freedom”
> The risk of dominating others and exercising a tyrannical power over them arises precisely only when one has not taken care of the self and has become the slave of ones desires. But if you take proper care of yourself, that is, if you know ontologically what you are, if you know what you are capable of, if you know what it means for you to be a citizen of a city... if you know what things you should and should not fear, if you know what you can reasonably hope for and, on the other hand, what things should not matter to you, if you know, finally, that you should not be afraid of death if you know all this, you cannot abuse your power over others.
- Foucault, Michel. “Technologies of the Self” in Ethics: Subjectivity and Truth. New York: The New Press, 1994. 221-251.
https://library.memoryoftheworld.org/#/book/7f69b216-4ae6-4b2b-aba7-8d31fb477516
Extract from “Technologies of the Self”:
- Foucault, Michel. [“Technologies of the Self” in Ethics: Subjectivity and Truth.](https://library.memoryoftheworld.org/#/book/7f69b216-4ae6-4b2b-aba7-8d31fb477516) New York: The New Press, 1994. 221-251.
> There are several reasons why “know yourself” has obscured “take care of yourself.” First, there has been a profound transformation in the moral principles of Western society. We find it difficult to base rigorous morality and austere principles on the precept that we should give more care to ourselves than to anything else in the world. We are more inclined to see taking care of ourselves as an immorality, as a means of escape from all possible rules. We inherit the tradition of Christian morality which makes self-renunciation the condition for salvation. To know oneself was, paradoxically, a means of self-renunciation.
## Further resources
- Shusterman, R. 2000. “Somaesthetics and Care of the Self: The Case of Foucault.” Monist 83(4): 530551. doi:10.5840/monist200083429.
- Shusterman, R. 2000. “Somaesthetics and Care of the Self: The Case of Foucault.” Monist 83(4): 530551.
- Ahmed, Sara. Selfcare as Warfare, feministkilljoys blog, published on 25 August 2014 https://feministkilljoys.com/2014/08/25/selfcare-as-warfare/
- Ahmed, Sara. [Selfcare as Warfare](https://feministkilljoys.com/2014/08/25/selfcare-as-warfare/), feministkilljoys blog, published on 25 August 2014
- Michaeli, I. (2017). Self-Care: An Act of Political Warfare or a Neoliberal Trap? Development, 60(1-2), 5056. doi:10.1057/s41301-017-0131-8 
- Michaeli, I. (2017). Self-Care: An Act of Political Warfare or a Neoliberal Trap? Development, 60(1-2), 5056.
- Keely Tongate, “Womens survival strategies in Chechnya: from self-care to caring for each other.” openDemocracy, 29 August 2013.
https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/transformation/womens-survival-strategies-in-chechnya-from-self-care-to-caring-for-ea/
- Keely Tongate, [“Womens survival strategies in Chechnya: from self-care to caring for each other.”](https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/transformation/womens-survival-strategies-in-chechnya-from-self-care-to-caring-for-ea/) openDemocracy, 29 August 2013.
- Webinar Summary: Self-Care and Collective Wellbeing. Co-hosted by AWID Forums Wellbeing Advisory Group and the Black Feminisms Forum. https://www.awid.org/news-and-analysis/webinar-summary-self-care-and-collective-wellbeing
- AWID Forums Wellbeing Advisory Group and the Black Feminisms Forum. [Webinar Summary: Self-Care and Collective Wellbeing.](https://www.awid.org/news-and-analysis/webinar-summary-self-care-and-collective-wellbeing)
# Caring as a Way of Knowing